British Museum holds exhibition on Hajj

British Museum in London has opened the first ever major exhibition on the pilgrimage, “Hajj: journey to the heart of Islam”, to give non-Muslims a glimpse of the heart of this world religion.

Addressing media persons at the inaugural of the exhibition, Director of the museum Neil MacGregor said, "This exhibition is for everybody, Muslims and non-Muslims, everyone who wants to know more about this extraordinary phenomenon, which is one of the great religious manifestation of the world," .

"Hajj is the only part of the practice of islam that non-Muslims can't see.

"It seems very important to try to explore that experience and to understand what it means to Muslims now, what it has meant through the centuries and to understand how that habit of pilgrimage has changed the world."

The Ambassador of Saudi Arabia to UK Prince Mohammad Bin Al-Nawaf Bin Abdul Aziz said the exhibition would examine the significance of the Hajj and explore its importance for Muslims, its historical evolution and its spiritual aspects.

He said, "Hajj celebrates peace, unity and equality of all before Allah and it’s a “profound, life-changing experience.”.The Saudi Government is working hard to provide maximum facilities and help for the security and welfare of the pilgrims.

The show uses priceless artefacts, video footage, personal audio recordings and photographs to explore the history, journeys and experiences of millions of pilgrims who travel from around the world to reach the holy city of Mecca every year.

The hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam and must be performed at least once in a lifetime by all those who are able to. It takes place during the last month of the Islamic year known as Dhu'l Hijja.

For centuries the hajj was an epic undertaking involving weeks of travel on foot or on the back of a camel, in convoys across mountains and deserts; or months at sea across the Indian Ocean at risk from shipwreck or pirates.

Among the artefacts on display is a "Mahmal", one of the ceremonial curtained transports in which the Sultans were carried from Cairo to Mecca in what is now Saudi Arabia, and a Koran from the eighth century.

Also on show is "Milestone", one of the stone slabs once used by pilgrims in Iraq to mark their route to Mecca, so they could find their way home.

In a modern touch, "Magnetism", a minimalist piece of art by Saudi artist Ahmed Mater, uses iron filings to depict pilgrims circling around the Kaaba, the sacred cube-shaped building in Mecca.

The show also features the experiences of several western travellers who succeeded in entering Mecca, whether in disguise like British explorer Richard Burton in 1853, who wrote a book about his experiences, or legitimately like Scottish noblewoman Evelyn Cobbold, who adopted Islam, and visited in 1933.

The Hajj exhibition is the third by the British Museum in a series of sacred spiritual journeys that included "Treasures of Heaven" and "Book of the Dead", and is intended to improve understanding of the pilgrimage and Islam itself.

"We had to contact museums from all over the world to request if we could borrow some of their artefacts, and if there were items that related to the routes of Hajj," said curator Venetia Porter.

Many of the artefacts were donated by Nasser Khalili, one of the biggest collectors of Islamic art in the world.

"This exhibition is a journey that sends out a religious, spiritual, ritual and cultural message that proves how harmonious Islam is," Khalili said.

However the exhibition, organised in partnership with the King Abdulaziz Public Library in Riyadh, skirts over some of the modern problems the hajj faces.

With huge numbers of pilgrims attending -- around three million last year -- there have been stampedes in the past, with 364 people dying in 2006, 251 in 2004 and 1,426 in 1990.

"Hajj: Journey to the Heart of Islam" opens at the British Museum on January 26, and runs until April 15.